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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
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Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

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In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then passed on to...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I01:21

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There are different types of detectors used in gas chromatography, each with its own specific properties that make it suitable for detecting certain types of analytes. The most commonly used detectors in GC are thermal conductivity detector (TCD), flame ionization detector (FID), and electron capture detector (ECD).
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Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II01:19

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In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...

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Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas
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Published on: May 25, 2021

Low-temperature plasma probe for ambient desorption ionization.

Jason D Harper1, Nicholas A Charipar, Christopher C Mulligan

  • 1Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.

Analytical Chemistry
|June 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel low-temperature plasma (LTP) probe enables ambient desorption ionization for sensitive analysis of diverse samples. This technique offers non-destructive analysis with high detection limits for various applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Plasma Science
  • Mass Spectrometry

Background:

  • Traditional desorption ionization methods can be destructive or require specific sample preparation.
  • Ambient ionization techniques aim to simplify sample analysis by minimizing sample preparation and enabling direct measurements.
  • Low-temperature plasma (LTP) offers a versatile tool for chemical analysis due to its unique properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel low-temperature plasma (LTP) probe for ambient desorption ionization.
  • To demonstrate the probe's capability for sensitive and non-destructive analysis of various samples.
  • To explore diverse applications, including biological and pharmaceutical analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A specially designed electrode configuration induces a dielectric barrier discharge to generate LTP.
  • The LTP is extracted from the probe to interact directly with the sample, causing desorption and ionization.
  • Analysis is performed using a commercial ion trap mass spectrometer, with capabilities for tandem mass spectrometry.

Main Results:

  • The LTP probe enables non-destructive analysis of samples in gaseous, solution, or condensed phases without sample damage or heating.
  • High sensitivity is achieved, with limits of detection as low as 5 pg for explosives (RDX, TNT) and 1 ppb for aqueous solutions.
  • Demonstrated applications include direct analysis of cocaine from skin, active ingredients in drug tablets, and compounds in biological samples.

Conclusions:

  • The developed LTP probe is an effective tool for ambient desorption ionization, offering high sensitivity and versatility.
  • The method allows for direct analysis of complex samples with minimal preparation and controlled fragmentation.
  • This technology holds significant potential for various analytical applications, including forensics, environmental monitoring, and clinical diagnostics.