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Related Concept Videos

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)01:08

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI is an ionization technique, widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix...
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

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The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte properties and...
Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:33

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.

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Dithranol as a Matrix for Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging on a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer
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Novel three-dimensional MALDI plate for interfacing high-capacity LC separations with MALDI-TOF.

Stephen J Hattan1, Marvin L Vestal

  • 1Virgin Instruments Corporation, 60 Union Avenue (Suite l-R), Sudbury, Massachusetts 01776, USA. stephen.hattan@virgininstruments.com

Analytical Chemistry
|June 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

New collimated-hole structure (CHS) MALDI sample plates enhance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) by concentrating samples. These 3D plates improve sample loading capacity and sensitivity for peptide analysis.

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Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Intact Proteins Larger than 100 kDa
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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Chromatography

Background:

  • Conventional matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) sample plates have limited capacity for sample deposition, restricting interfacing with higher flow rate liquid chromatography (LC) separations.
  • Existing LC-MALDI interfaces are typically constrained by the two-dimensional surface area available for sample and matrix deposition, limiting the volume of chromatographic effluent that can be analyzed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel MALDI sample plates with enhanced capacity for sample capture and concentration.
  • To create an efficient interface between higher-capacity LC separations and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
  • To overcome the limitations of conventional 2D sample plates in handling larger volumes of chromatographic effluent.

Main Methods:

  • Development of three-dimensional MALDI sample plates utilizing collimated-hole structures (CHS).
  • Incorporation of monolithic chromatography media within the CHS to facilitate sample capture and solvent sinking.
  • Evaluation of the CHS plates using reversed-phase separation of peptides on a 1 mm i.d. column at a flow rate of 50 µL/min.

Main Results:

  • The novel CHS plates allow for the capture and concentration of significantly larger volumes of sample (e.g., 10 µL effluent) compared to conventional plates (approx. 1-2 µL).
  • A ~30-fold enrichment in sample concentration was achieved on the CHS plates due to efficient sample and matrix drying on a smaller spot size (1 mm diameter).
  • The CHS plates demonstrated effective performance across a range of sample loadings from 1 fmol to 10 pmol per spot.

Conclusions:

  • The developed CHS MALDI sample plates provide a substantial increase in sample loading capacity and concentration efficiency for LC-MALDI applications.
  • These 3D plates offer an improved interface for coupling higher flow rate LC separations with MALDI-TOF MS, enhancing analytical sensitivity.
  • The CHS technology represents a significant advancement for analyzing complex samples, particularly peptides, with improved performance over conventional methods.