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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Whole-mount Clearing and Staining of Arabidopsis Flower Organs and Siliques
Published on: April 12, 2018
Blue flower color development by anthocyanins: from chemical structure to cell physiology
Kumi Yoshida1, Mihoko Mori, Tadao Kondo
1Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan. yoshidak@is.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Abstract:
Blue flower colors are primarily due to anthocyanin, a flavonoid pigment. Anthocyanin itself is purple in neutral aqueous solutions, ans its color is very unstable and quickly fades. Therefore, the mechanism of blue color development in living flower petals is one of the most intriguing problems in natural product chemistry. Much progress has been made in understanding blue flower coloration since the comprehensive review by Goto and Kondo in 1991. This review focuses on the advances in the last 15 years, and cites 149 references.
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