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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs
Published on: October 31, 2025
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Garima Garg1, Anil Sachdev, Dhiren Gupta
1Department of Pediatrics, Centre for Child Health, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare neonatal respiratory distress cause. This case highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis in infants with persistent breathing difficulties and failure to thrive.
Area of Science:
- Neonatology
- Pulmonology
- Rare Diseases
Background:
- Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is an uncommon condition.
- It can manifest as respiratory distress in newborns.
- Early diagnosis is crucial for management.
Observation:
- A 4-month-old infant experienced worsening respiratory distress from birth.
- The infant also showed signs of failure to thrive.
- Initial treatment focused on diffuse alveolar disease.
Findings:
- An open lung biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
- Despite medical intervention, the infant's condition was fatal.
Implications:
- This case underscores the diagnostic challenges in neonatal respiratory distress.
- Highlights the need for considering rare conditions like PAP.
- Emphasizes the critical role of lung biopsy in definitive diagnosis.
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