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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

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Published on: August 28, 2015
Independent community pharmacists' perspectives on compounding in contemporary pharmacy education
Kathleen S Martin1, Timothy B McPherson, Patrick E Fontane
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Incarnate Word, 4301 Broadway, San Antonio, TX 78209, USA. kamartin@uiwtx.edu
Objectives:
To identify compounding practices of independent community pharmacy practitioners in order to make recommendations for the development of curricular objectives for doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) programs.
Methods:
Independent community practitioners were asked about compounding regarding their motivations, common activities, educational exposures, and recommendations for PharmD education.
Results:
Most respondents (69%) accepted compounding as a component of pharmaceutical care and compounded dermatological preparations for local effects, oral solutions, and suspensions at least once a week. Ninety-five percent were exposed to compounding in required pharmacy school courses and most (98%) who identified compounding as a professional service offered in their pharmacy sought additional postgraduate compounding education. Regardless of the extent of compounding emphasis in the practices surveyed, 84% stated that PharmD curricula should include compounding.
Conclusions:
Pharmacy schools should define compounding curricular objectives and develop compounding abilities in a required laboratory course to prepare graduates for pharmaceutical care practice.
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