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Testing hypotheses derived from the Roy Adaptation Model.

K Frederickson, B S Jackson, T Strauman

    Nursing Science Quarterly
    |January 1, 1991
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Patient perception of symptoms, not actual physiological status, impacts psychosocial adaptation and survival during aggressive cancer treatment. Understanding patient perception is key for better outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Psychosocial Oncology
    • Nursing Theory

    Background:

    • Cancer patients undergoing aggressive treatment face significant physiological and psychosocial challenges.
    • The Roy adaptation model offers a framework for understanding how individuals adapt to health disruptions.
    • Perception plays a crucial role in mediating responses to illness and treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between perception, biopsychosocial adaptation, and outcomes in cancer patients.
    • To test hypotheses derived from the Roy adaptation model regarding symptom perception and adaptation.
    • To examine the correlation between perceived symptoms, psychosocial adaptation, and survival rates.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the Roy adaptation model as a theoretical framework.

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  • Recruited 45 patients initiating aggressive cancer treatment (chemotherapy).
  • Employed APACHE II for physiological status, Symptom Distress Profile for perceived discomfort, and Sickness Impact Profile for psychosocial adaptation.

    • Main Results:

    • Perception of symptoms positively correlated with psychosocial adaptation.
    • Perception of symptoms did not correlate with actual physiological status.
    • Both symptom perception and psychosocial adaptation correlated with six-month survival, independent of physiological status.

    Conclusions:

    • Patient perception is a significant factor in psychosocial adaptation during cancer treatment.
    • Perceived symptoms and adaptation, rather than objective physiological status, predict short-term survival.
    • Findings support the Roy adaptation model and have implications for clinical practice and patient support.