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Related Concept Videos

Conduction, Convection and Radiation: Problem Solving01:20

Conduction, Convection and Radiation: Problem Solving

There are three methods by which heat transfer can take place: conduction, convection, and radiation. Each method has unique and interesting characteristics, but all three have two things in common: they transfer heat solely because of a temperature difference; and the greater the temperature difference, the faster the heat transfer.
In order to solve a problem related to heat transfer, first of all, the situation needs to be examined to determine the type of heat transfer involved. This could...
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

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Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant heat.
Absorption of Radiation01:05

Absorption of Radiation

The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...

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Tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes to Monitor Heat Transfer between Gold Nanoparticles and Lipid Membranes
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Published on: December 8, 2020

Heat transfer from nanoparticles: a corresponding state analysis.

Samy Merabia1, Sergei Shenogin, Laurent Joly

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée et des Nanostructures, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5586, Université de Lyon, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strongly heated nanoparticles in fluids generate high heat fluxes, potentially leading to particle destruction. Simple modeling using Lennard-Jones interactions accurately captures these phenomena, crucial for understanding nanoparticle-fluid heat transfer.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Local heating of fluids via selective radiation absorption by nanoparticles generates significant heat fluxes.
  • Experimental observations show high heat fluxes and temperature elevations, sometimes leading to particle destruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate nanoparticle-fluid interactions under strong heating conditions.
  • To model and understand the mechanisms behind high heat flux generation and temperature elevations.
  • To assess the applicability of simplified interaction models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing molecular interaction models, specifically Lennard-Jones (LJ) potentials.
  • Simulating gold nanoparticles suspended in fluids like octane and water.
  • Applying corresponding state principles for parameter mapping across different liquids.

Main Results:

  • High heat fluxes and temperature increases were observed, consistent with experimental findings.
  • A simple Lennard-Jones model effectively captures the essential physics of the system.
  • Results from various liquids can be generalized using a corresponding state approach.

Conclusions:

  • The Lennard-Jones model provides a robust framework for studying nanoparticle-fluid heat transfer.
  • The ability to sustain high heat fluxes is linked to interface curvature inhibiting vapor film formation.
  • This research offers insights into nanoparticle behavior under extreme thermal conditions.