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Related Concept Videos

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Dairy and bone health.

Robert P Heaney1

  • 1Creighton University, 2500 California St, Omaha, NE 68178, USA. rheaney@creighton.edu

Journal of the American College of Nutrition
|July 3, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Achieving optimal bone health requires key nutrients like calcium, protein, and vitamin D. Including three daily servings of dairy is recommended for essential bone-supporting nutrients.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition science
  • Bone biology
  • Dietary studies

Background:

  • Bone health depends on bone mass, architecture, and mechanics.
  • Nutrition plays a critical role in supporting these components.
  • Key nutrients for bone health include calcium, protein, and vitamin D, with contributions from potassium, magnesium, zinc, and other vitamins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the essential nutrients for bone health.
  • To evaluate the role of modern food sources in achieving a bone-healthy diet.
  • To recommend dietary strategies for maintaining bone health.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on bone health and nutrition.
  • Analysis of nutrient contributions from various food sources.

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Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts
06:32

Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts

Published on: April 13, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 22, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts
06:32

Evaluation of Amino Acid Consumption in Cultured Bone Cells and Isolated Bone Shafts

Published on: April 13, 2022

  • Dietary assessment focusing on dairy intake.
  • Main Results:

    • Calcium, protein, and vitamin D are principal nutrients for bone health.
    • Potassium, magnesium, and zinc also contribute to bone health.
    • Modern diets may make it challenging to achieve bone health without dairy.

    Conclusions:

    • A bone-healthy diet requires adequate intake of key nutrients.
    • Dairy products provide essential calcium, protein, and potassium for bone health.
    • Three daily servings of dairy are recommended for optimal bone health.