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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

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[Pathologic and immunohistochemical study on lethal primary brain stem injury].

Rong-chao Sun1, Shu-dong Yang, Zhi-yi Zhou

  • 1Department of Pathology, Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China. srcblk@163.com

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Pathology
|July 7, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Primary brain stem injury shows distinct histopathologic changes, including altered axonal diameters. Measuring these axonal changes aids in the autopsy diagnosis of brain stem injuries.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropathology
  • Forensic Pathology
  • Histology

Context:

  • Primary brain stem injury is a critical diagnosis in forensic and clinical settings.
  • Accurate histopathologic assessment is crucial for identifying brain stem trauma.
  • Understanding specific injury markers can improve diagnostic certainty.

Purpose:

  • To characterize the histopathologic alterations in primary brain stem injury.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic significance of these changes, particularly axonal morphology.
  • To establish quantitative indices for improved autopsy diagnosis.

Summary:

  • Histopathologic examination of 25 brain stem injury cases and 45 controls revealed significant differences in contusion, reactive astrocytosis, edema, and neuronal pathology.

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  • Axons in the brain stem injury group exhibited significantly larger diameters compared to controls.
  • Immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament, amyloid-beta, and myelin basic protein was utilized.

    • Impact:

    • Identifies specific histopathologic hallmarks of primary brain stem injury.
    • Introduces measurement of axonal diameters as a quantitative diagnostic tool.
    • Enhances the accuracy and reliability of autopsy diagnoses for brain stem trauma.