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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
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Chickenpox is an acute, highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Its transmission occurs primarily through the inhalation of respiratory droplets or direct contact with vesicular fluid from skin lesions. The incubation period typically ranges from 10 to 21 days, during which the virus replicates and disseminates through sequential phases within the host. Although generally self-limiting in children,...

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Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
12:23

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Published on: October 12, 2012

Phytophotodermatitis: bulla formation and hyperpigmentation during spring break.

Andrew C Kung1, Mark B Stephens, Thomas Darling

  • 1Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.

Military Medicine
|July 10, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phytophotodermatitis is a skin reaction caused by plant chemicals and UV light. Accurate diagnosis is key to avoid patient distress and misdiagnosis, especially of child abuse.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Phytophotodermatitis is a phototoxic reaction from plant chemical and ultraviolet A (UVA) light exposure.
  • Furocoumarins in plants like limes and celery are activated by UVA, causing skin damage.

Observation:

  • Lesions include delayed erythema, hyperpigmentation, vesicles, or bullae on sun-exposed areas.
  • Commonly seen after vacations or outdoor play in summer, often on hands or around the mouth.
  • Misdiagnosis as child abuse can cause significant distress.

Findings:

  • UVA irradiation causes DNA damage and increased melanin, leading to photosensitivity and skin lesions.
  • The condition is more easily recognized in fair-skinned individuals but has no racial predilection.

Implications:

  • Awareness and careful history are crucial for accurate diagnosis.
  • Correct diagnosis prevents patient anxiety and avoids false accusations of child abuse.
  • Recognizing phytophotodermatitis is vital for proper patient management and avoiding unnecessary distress.