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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

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Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...

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High-Efficiency Generation of Antigen-Specific Primary Mouse Cytotoxic T Cells for Functional Testing in an Autoimmune Diabetes Model
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Published on: August 16, 2019

Immunotherapy for diabetic amyotrophy.

Yee Cheun Chan1, Yew Long Lo, Edwin S Y Chan

  • 1Division of Neurology, National University Hospital, 5, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, Singapore, 119074.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|July 10, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review found no randomized trial evidence to support immunotherapy for diabetic amyotrophy. Further research is needed to establish effective treatments for this painful nerve condition in diabetes mellitus patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Endocrinology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Diabetic amyotrophy (also known as diabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathies) is a condition affecting people with diabetes mellitus (DM).
  • It presents as progressive, asymmetrical pain and weakness in the proximal lower limb muscles, potentially due to immune-mediated inflammatory microvasculitis.
  • Immunotherapy is hypothesized to be beneficial due to the suspected inflammatory nature of the condition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapy for diabetic amyotrophy.
  • To identify any existing RCTs that could inform treatment recommendations for this condition.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive search of multiple databases (Cochrane Neuromuscular Disease Group Trials Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE) was conducted up to April 2009.
  • Inclusion criteria specified randomized or quasi-randomized trials of any immunotherapy in patients with DM and characteristic symptoms, excluding other causes.
  • Two independent reviewers assessed retrieved references for eligibility.

Main Results:

  • Only one completed controlled trial using intravenous methylprednisolone was identified.
  • The results of this trial were not fully published and were unavailable for analysis.

Conclusions:

  • There is currently a lack of evidence from randomized trials to support the use of any immunotherapy for treating diabetic amyotrophy.
  • Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are necessary to establish effective treatment strategies.