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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...

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Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
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Hyperactivated B cells in human inflammatory bowel disease.

Ansu Mammen Noronha1, YanMei Liang, Jeremy T Hetzel

  • 1Section of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|July 11, 2009
PubMed
Summary

B cells in Crohn's disease (CD) show heightened activation and IL-8 secretion, correlating with disease activity. In ulcerative colitis (UC), B cells express TLR2 but have different IL-8 patterns, suggesting distinct roles for B cells in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis.

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Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells
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Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells

Published on: September 18, 2016

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Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
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Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice
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Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells
06:57

Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells

Published on: September 18, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), involves chronic immune dysregulation.
  • Previous research primarily focused on T cells and myeloid cells in IBD pathogenesis.
  • The role of B cells in IBD, particularly their specific inflammatory mediator profiles, remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the activation status and inflammatory mediator production of B cells in CD and UC patients.
  • To determine the correlation between B cell characteristics and clinical disease activity in CD and UC.
  • To elucidate the differential roles of B cells in the pathogenesis of CD versus UC.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of circulating and tissue B cells from CD and UC patients.
  • Assessment of B cell surface marker expression, including TLR2.
  • Measurement of spontaneous and inducible IL-8 secretion from B cells.
  • Evaluation of intracellular signaling protein phosphorylation in B cells.
  • Correlation analysis between B cell parameters and clinical disease activity scores.

Main Results:

  • B cells from CD patients exhibited elevated basal activation, spontaneous IL-8 secretion, and increased TLR2 expression.
  • CD clinical activity positively correlated with B cell IL-8 and TLR2 expression.
  • B cells from UC patients expressed TLR2 but showed inducible, not spontaneous, IL-8 secretion.
  • UC clinical activity inversely correlated with circulating TLR2+ B cells, contrasting with CD findings.

Conclusions:

  • TLR2+ B cells are associated with clinical disease activity in IBD.
  • B cells exhibit distinct inflammatory mediator profiles and associations with disease activity in CD and UC.
  • These findings suggest a significant, previously underappreciated role for B cells in IBD pathogenesis.