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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

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Rous sarcoma growth in lines congenic for major histocompatibility (B) complex recombinants.

E S Schulten¹, W E Briles, R L Taylor

¹Department of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.

Poultry Science

|July 11, 2009

Summary

Congenic chicken lines with different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) recombinant haplotypes show varying Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) tumor growth. Lines 003.R1 and 003.R4 exhibited significantly greater tumor development, indicating specific genetic influences on RSV tumor progression.

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Area of Science:

Immunogenetics
Avian Biology
Virology

Background:

Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) induces tumors in chickens.
The major histocompatibility (B) complex influences immune responses and disease susceptibility.
Congenic chicken lines were developed to isolate genetic effects on tumor growth.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of different major histocompatibility (B) complex recombinant haplotypes on Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)-induced tumor growth.
To identify specific genetic variations within the MHC that affect tumor development in chickens.

Main Methods:

Developed 5 congenic chicken lines with distinct MHC recombinant haplotypes on a UCD 003 (B17B17) genetic background through 10 backcross generations.
Challenged chicks with subgroup A RSV and monitored tumor size over 10 weeks post-inoculation.
Assigned a tumor profile index (TPI) and used least squares ANOVA with repeated measures to analyze tumor growth and TPI values.

Main Results:

Congenic lines 003.R1 and 003.R4 displayed significantly greater tumor growth and higher TPI values compared to lines 003.R2, 003.R5, and 003.R6.
Higher tumor growth in 003.R4 compared to 003.R2, despite serological similarity, suggests unique genetic variation affecting RSV tumors.
Similar tumor growth in 003.R5 and 003.R6, differing in BG regions but sharing BF/BL21, indicates no significant BG region effect on RSV tumor development.

Conclusions:

Specific major histocompatibility (B) complex recombinant haplotypes significantly influence Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) tumor growth in chickens.
Genetic variations within the MHC, beyond serologically defined regions, play a crucial role in determining tumor progression.
The BG region of the MHC does not appear to be a major determinant of RSV tumor growth in this congenic chicken model.