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Nutrient dyshomeostasis in congestive heart failure
German Kamalov1, Joshua P Holewinski, Syamal K Bhattacharya
1Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA.
The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|July 14, 2009
Summary
Congestive heart failure (CHF) involves a salt-avid state and systemic illness with oxidative stress and inflammation. Nutrient imbalances, including minerals and vitamins, are key, suggesting a need for polynutrient supplements in CHF management.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nutritional Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Congestive heart failure (CHF) is traditionally viewed through a cardiorenal lens, linked to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and salt retention.
- Emerging research highlights CHF as a systemic illness characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue wasting.
- This broader perspective acknowledges the role of mineral and vitamin dyshomeostasis in CHF progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review biomarkers indicating nutrient imbalances in patients with congestive heart failure.
- To explore the contribution of mineral (Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Se2+) and vitamin (D, B12, B1) dyshomeostasis to CHF.
- To question the potential benefit of polynutrient supplementation in managing CHF.
Main Methods:
- Review of experimental studies simulating chronic renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation.
- Analysis of translational studies in patients with decompensated biventricular failure and congestion.
- Examination of biomarkers associated with nutrient imbalances in CHF.
Main Results:
- Chronic activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is linked to CHF.
- Patients with CHF exhibit imbalances in essential minerals and vitamins.
- Oxidative stress and elevated proinflammatory cytokines are prominent features of CHF.
Conclusions:
- Nutrient dyshomeostasis, particularly of minerals and vitamins, is a significant factor in congestive heart failure.
- Biomarkers can indicate these critical nutrient imbalances in CHF patients.
- Polynutrient supplementation may be a valuable addition to the comprehensive management of CHF.
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