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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

An In Vitro System to Study Tumor Dormancy and the Switch to Metastatic Growth
09:14

An In Vitro System to Study Tumor Dormancy and the Switch to Metastatic Growth

Published on: August 11, 2011

Tumor dormancy and metastasis.

Benjamin D Hedley1, Ann F Chambers

  • 1Division of Hematology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.

Advances in Cancer Research
|July 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metastasis, the spread of cancer, causes most cancer deaths. Understanding tumor dormancy is crucial for managing patients at risk of late recurrence and developing new antimetastatic therapies.

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An In Vitro Dormancy Model of Estrogen-sensitive Breast Cancer in the Bone Marrow: A Tool for Molecular Mechanism Studies and Hypothesis Generation
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An In Vitro Dormancy Model of Estrogen-sensitive Breast Cancer in the Bone Marrow: A Tool for Molecular Mechanism Studies and Hypothesis Generation

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A Time-lapse, Label-free, Quantitative Phase Imaging Study of Dormant and Active Human Cancer Cells
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A Time-lapse, Label-free, Quantitative Phase Imaging Study of Dormant and Active Human Cancer Cells

Published on: February 16, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

An In Vitro System to Study Tumor Dormancy and the Switch to Metastatic Growth
09:14

An In Vitro System to Study Tumor Dormancy and the Switch to Metastatic Growth

Published on: August 11, 2011

An In Vitro Dormancy Model of Estrogen-sensitive Breast Cancer in the Bone Marrow: A Tool for Molecular Mechanism Studies and Hypothesis Generation
08:48

An In Vitro Dormancy Model of Estrogen-sensitive Breast Cancer in the Bone Marrow: A Tool for Molecular Mechanism Studies and Hypothesis Generation

Published on: June 30, 2015

A Time-lapse, Label-free, Quantitative Phase Imaging Study of Dormant and Active Human Cancer Cells
12:48

A Time-lapse, Label-free, Quantitative Phase Imaging Study of Dormant and Active Human Cancer Cells

Published on: February 16, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Metastasis is the primary cause of cancer-related mortality.
  • Current adjuvant therapies rely on prognostic indicators, but some patients with good prognoses develop late metastases.
  • Clinical dormancy presents challenges in patient management, risk stratification, and determining optimal therapy duration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the biological and molecular mechanisms underlying tumor dormancy.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for prolonging tumor dormancy and preventing late recurrences.
  • To improve the management of patients at risk for late-developing metastases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental studies investigating tumor dormancy.
  • Analysis of emerging research in tumor-initiating cells, immunotherapy, and metastasis suppressor genes.
  • Synthesis of current understanding to inform clinical practice and future research.

Main Results:

  • Tumor dormancy is a complex phenomenon involving various biological and molecular mechanisms.
  • Research into tumor-initiating cells, immunotherapy, and metastasis suppressor genes offers potential for novel antimetastatic strategies.
  • An improved understanding of dormancy is essential for refining patient risk assessment and treatment protocols.

Conclusions:

  • Further research into tumor dormancy mechanisms is critical for advancing cancer treatment.
  • Targeted antimetastatic therapies hold promise for prolonging tumor dormancy and improving patient outcomes.
  • Enhanced understanding of dormancy will facilitate better clinical management of patients susceptible to late metastatic events.