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Apoptotic effect of sonodynamic therapy mediated by hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether on C6 glioma cells in vitro
Shaochun Dai1, Shaoshan Hu, Changjun Wu
1Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nanggang District, People's Republic of China. daishaochun@yeah.net
Purpose:
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a new method for treating cancer by inducing cell necrosis and/or apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanisms of cell apoptosis after SDT treatment remain unclear. In this study we investigated the apoptotic effect and mechanisms of SDT mediated by hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) on C6 glioma cells in vitro.
Methods:
The time of ultrasound irradiation was optimized by MTT. The apoptotic rate, generation of ROS (reactive oxygen species), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were detected by flow cytometry, and expressions of apoptosis proteins were measured by Western blot after SDT treatment.
Results:
The results displayed that treatment of C6 glioma cells with SDT resulted in the occurrence of apoptosis, which was associated with the production of ROS and loss of MMP. The results also showed that protein expression of Bax, caspase-9, and caspase-3 significantly increased, protein expression of Bcl-2 and Fas-L significantly decreased, and Fas protein expression was unchanged after SDT treatment.
Conclusions:
Our results suggested that the mitochondrial signal pathway may play a pivotal role in the apoptosis induced by SDT in C6 glioma cells.
Insights
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) using hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether induced apoptosis in C6 glioma cells. This cancer treatment involves reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial pathway activation.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Biochemistry
- Biophysics
Background:
- Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an emerging cancer treatment modality.
- The precise molecular mechanisms underlying SDT-induced apoptosis require further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the apoptotic effects of SDT mediated by hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) on C6 glioma cells.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in SDT-induced apoptosis in vitro.
Main Methods:
- Ultrasound irradiation time was optimized using MTT assays.
- Apoptotic rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assessed via flow cytometry.
- Apoptosis-related protein expression was analyzed using Western blot.
Main Results:
- SDT treatment induced apoptosis in C6 glioma cells.
- Apoptosis was correlated with increased ROS production and loss of MMP.
- Key proteins involved in apoptosis, including Bax, caspase-9, and caspase-3, showed increased expression, while Bcl-2 and Fas-L expression decreased.
Conclusions:
- The mitochondrial signaling pathway plays a significant role in SDT-induced apoptosis of C6 glioma cells.
- SDT, mediated by HMME, effectively triggers apoptosis through mechanisms involving ROS and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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