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Related Concept Videos

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation01:28

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation

Auscultation is a crucial component of the physical assessment of the respiratory tract. It offers valuable insights into airflow through the bronchial tree and potential lung obstructions. This process involves careful listening to breath, voice, and adventitious sounds, which can reveal a wealth of information about a patient's respiratory health.
Breath Sounds
Breath sounds are categorized into vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial.
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
Pulmonary Ventilation: Inhalation01:24

Pulmonary Ventilation: Inhalation

Pulmonary ventilation is a vital process that ensures the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. It refers to the movement of air into and out of the lungs, enabling the body to obtain oxygen and remove waste carbon dioxide. In this article, we will explore the intricacies of pulmonary ventilation, including its underlying principles, mechanisms, and the interplay of pressures within the respiratory system.
Boyle's law becomes particularly pertinent when examining respiratory...
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation01:31

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation

In assessing respiratory abnormalities, palpation and auscultation are critical tools for detecting and interpreting various pathophysiological changes. These techniques provide insight into underlying disorders by evaluating tactile sensations and sounds produced by the respiratory system.
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities:
Mechanism of Breathing I: Inspiration01:30

Mechanism of Breathing I: Inspiration

Introduction to Inspiration: The Respiratory System in Action
The respiratory system, an essential network for breathing, comprises the conducting and respiratory zones, each playing a crucial role in the overall process of respiration. Let us explore the detailed mechanism of inspiration, or inhalation, which is the first phase of the respiratory cycle.
Pathway of Air during Inspiration
During inspiration, air enters our body through the nose or mouth and moves through the conducting zone,...
Respiratory Volumes01:15

Respiratory Volumes

Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Microfluidic Model of Biomimetically Breathing Pulmonary Acinar Airways
09:39

A Microfluidic Model of Biomimetically Breathing Pulmonary Acinar Airways

Published on: May 9, 2016

A whisper from the silent lung zone.

Fatma Aljassim1, Paul D Robinson, Nele Sigurs

  • 1Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Clinical Physiology, Göteborg, Sweden. fatma.al-jassim@vgregion.se

Pediatric Pulmonology
|July 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Multiple breath inert gas washout (MBW) detects airway inflammation missed by spirometry in adolescents with a history of severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. This highlights MBW

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Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary medicine and respiratory physiology.

Background:

  • Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infancy is linked to long-term respiratory issues.
  • Previous studies show increased allergic asthma symptoms in a cohort with severe infant RSV.
  • Small airway dysfunction is a key feature in early respiratory disease.

Observation:

  • An adolescent with a history of severe infant RSV infection presented with airway inflammation.
  • This adolescent exhibited a pronounced intra-acinar airways response to indirect challenge testing.

Findings:

  • Multiple breath inert gas washout (MBW) detected significant intra-acinar airway response.
  • Spirometry, a standard lung function test, failed to detect this airway abnormality.
  • The findings suggest small airway dysfunction in a patient with a history of severe RSV.

Implications:

  • MBW is a valuable tool for detecting subtle lung abnormalities missed by conventional tests like spirometry.
  • Early detection of small airway dysfunction may aid in managing reactive airways disease.
  • This case supports the role of early-life respiratory infections in the development of chronic respiratory conditions.