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Syuji Fujii1, Atsushi Aichi, Masahiro Muraoka

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Researchers created stable oil-in-water emulsions using the protein ferritin as a nanoparticle emulsifier, eliminating the need for surfactants. Higher ferritin concentrations reduced droplet size, demonstrating ferritin

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Colloid and Surface Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Traditional emulsions often rely on synthetic surfactants, which can have environmental and toxicological concerns.
  • Pickering emulsions, stabilized by solid particles, offer a potentially greener alternative.
  • Ferritin, a naturally occurring spherical protein, presents an opportunity as a biocompatible particulate emulsifier.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of ferritin as a bionanoparticulate emulsifier for creating stable Pickering-type emulsions.
  • To characterize the influence of ferritin concentration on emulsion properties, specifically droplet size.
  • To provide evidence for ferritin's mechanism of action at the oil-water interface.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of oil-in-water emulsions using ferritin and various oil phases (n-dodecane, toluene, castor oil, olive oil, vegetable oil) without surfactants.
  • Analysis of droplet size distribution in relation to ferritin concentration.
  • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of ferritin residues post-emulsion to examine particle morphology and interfacial attachment.

Main Results:

  • Stable oil-in-water Pickering emulsions were successfully formed using ferritin.
  • Increased ferritin concentration led to a decrease in the volume average droplet diameters.
  • TEM analysis revealed a broken capsule morphology of ferritin residues, confirming attachment at the oil-water interface and emulsion stabilization.
  • Emulsion droplets demonstrated deformability, allowing passage through a glass capillary.

Conclusions:

  • Ferritin effectively stabilizes oil-in-water emulsions as a Pickering emulsifier, functioning without synthetic surfactants.
  • The concentration of ferritin directly impacts droplet size, offering control over emulsion characteristics.
  • The observed morphology provides strong evidence for ferritin's role in interfacial stabilization, highlighting its potential in green chemistry and materials science.