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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

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A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
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Decrease in Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific immune responses in patients with untreated psoriasis living in a

Léia C R Silva1, Guilherme G Silveira, Marcelo Arnone

  • 1Laboratory of Dermatology and Immunodeficiencies, Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

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|July 18, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with severe psoriasis show reduced Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific T-cell responses, potentially impacting tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. However, their effector T-cell activity against Mtb antigens may offer protection against TB reactivation.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant risk in patients with immune-mediated diseases like psoriasis, particularly those on biological treatments.
  • The impact of psoriasis-associated chronic immune activation on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific immunity remains unclear, especially in TB-endemic regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate T-cell responses to Mtb antigens in patients with varying psoriasis severity and tuberculin skin test (TST) status.
  • To determine if psoriasis affects Mtb-specific immunity and its implications for TB diagnosis and reactivation risk.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed T-cell proliferation, interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-10 production, and IFN-gamma-secreting cells in response to Mtb antigens (lysate, ESAT-6, Ag85B).
  • Compared responses between TST-positive and TST-negative patients with severe or mild/moderate untreated psoriasis and healthy controls.
  • Utilized lymphocyte proliferation assays, enzyme immunoassays, and enzyme immunospot (ELISpot) assays.

Main Results:

  • Severe psoriasis patients had reduced IFN-gamma, IL-10 secretion, and T-cell proliferation to Mtb antigens (if TST-negative) compared to controls.
  • Severe psoriasis patients exhibited decreased cytokine secretion and proliferative responses to phytohemagglutinin.
  • Most patients and controls had detectable IFN-gamma-secreting effector-memory T-cells against Mtb antigens via ELISpot.

Conclusions:

  • Severe psoriasis is associated with diminished anti-Mtb central memory T-cell responses, potentially causing false-negative TB infection diagnoses.
  • Despite reduced central memory responses, psoriasis patients retain Mtb-specific effector T-cell activity, suggesting a possible protective mechanism against TB reactivation.