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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
Published on: February 10, 2015
Scapular kinematics and scapulohumeral rhythm during resisted shoulder abduction--implications for clinical practice
Felipe Camargo Forte1, Marcelo Peduzzi de Castro, Joelly Mahnic de Toledo
1Exercise Research Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ft_felipeforte@hotmail.com
Objective:
To offer a three-dimensional description of the scapular kinematics and scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR) in healthy subjects during quasi-static shoulder abduction. To analyze and compare the influence of loaded and unloaded conditions on scapula kinematics and SHR.
Design:
Eleven subjects were analyzed using videogrammetry and the application of mathematical modelling during quasi-static shoulder abduction positions (intervals of approximately 30 degrees).
Main Outcome Measurements:
Scapular kinematic data under unloaded and loaded conditions.
Results:
The scapula presented external rotation, upward rotation and posterior tilting during the studied movement. Analyzing the scapulohumeral rhythm, different behaviours were observed in the scapular movement planes. Loading condition increased scapular upward rotation and posterior tilt at 60 degrees and 90 degrees of abduction (p>0.01).
Conclusions:
Analyzed scapular kinematics and scapulohumeral rhythm showed differences between adopted loading conditions. The clinical applications of these findings are discussed.
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