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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Cooling or Warming the Esophagus to Reduce Esophageal Injury During Left Atrial Ablation in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
Published on: March 15, 2020
Jovan N Markovic1, Cynthia K Shortell
1Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Radiofrequency ablation (VNUS Closure Plus™) and segmental ablation (VNUS Closure Fast™) treat incompetent veins. Closure Fast™ shows promise for superficial reflux disease due to reduced procedure time and high short-term success rates.
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