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Updated: Jun 21, 2026
07:22
Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
Published on: May 31, 2021
Haemopoietic processes in allergic disease: eosinophil/basophil development.
G M Gauvreau1, A K Ellis, J A Denburg
1McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Summary
Haemopoietic myeloid progenitors in bone marrow drive allergic inflammation by producing eosinophils and basophils (Eo/B). Allergen exposure alters bone marrow cytokine levels, promoting Eo/B cell production and potentially starting allergic disease development early in life.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Allergy Research
Background:
- Allergic inflammation involves pro-inflammatory cells like eosinophils and basophils (Eo/B) recruited to tissues.
- Bone marrow hematopoiesis, specifically progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation, is critical for allergic disease development.
- Cytokine signaling within the bone marrow's inductive microenvironment regulates progenitor cell behavior.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of bone marrow hematopoietic progenitors in allergic inflammation.
- To understand how allergen exposure influences progenitor differentiation and mobilization.
- To explore the potential of progenitor cells as biomarkers for atopy and asthma risk.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of cytokine levels (e.g., IL-5) in bone marrow following allergen challenge.
- Investigation of progenitor cell alterations in cord blood from infants at risk of allergic diseases.
- Examination of the relationship between T-lymphocyte trafficking, cytokine signaling, and Eo/B production.
Main Results:
- Allergen inhalation in asthmatics increases bone marrow IL-5 levels, correlating with enhanced Eo/B production.
- Th2 cytokines, induced by allergens, accelerate Eo/B progenitor differentiation and mobilization.
- Altered Eo/B progenitors and cytokine receptor expression in cord blood suggest perinatal origins of allergic phenotypes.
Conclusions:
- Bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor mobilization and differentiation are key drivers of allergic inflammation.
- IL-5 signaling, influenced by T-lymphocyte trafficking to the bone marrow, promotes eosinophilopoiesis.
- Progenitor cell alterations in early life may serve as biomarkers and indicate direct involvement in allergic disease pathogenesis.
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