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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

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Executive function and memory in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Marta Cerezo García¹, Pilar Martín Plasencia, Yolanda Aladro Benito

¹Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, Madrid, Spain. kirschemcg@hotmail.com

|July 23, 2009

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive impairments in multiple sclerosis (MS) predominantly affect attention and executive functions, linked to prefrontal lobe issues. Memory deficits were noted, particularly in recalling complex visual information.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Clinical Neurology

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic central nervous system inflammatory disease with varied presentations.
Cognitive dysfunction in MS, unlike motor deficits, has gained research attention recently.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess cognitive functions, including attention, executive function, and memory, in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).
To correlate cognitive deficits with potential prefrontal lobe involvement and other factors like depression, anxiety, and fatigue.

Main Methods:

A neuropsychological battery was administered to 28 RRMS patients (median duration 7 years, median EDSS 2).
Depression (BDI), anxiety (STAI), and fatigue (FSS) were also assessed.
Statistical analysis was performed on 25 patients exhibiting cognitive deficits.

Main Results:

80% of patients showed deficits in attention and executive functions, suggesting prefrontal lobe impact.
24% of patients exhibited memory deficits.
No global memory impairment was observed, except for immediate visual memory of complex elements.

Conclusions:

Cognitive impairments in early to moderate RRMS primarily involve prefrontal functions.
Difficulties with immediate visual memory may stem from impaired organizational and strategic encoding processes.