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Related Experiment Videos

Rare earth magnets and impaction.

A D Vardimon1, T M Graber, D Drescher

  • 1University of Bonn, Department of Orthodontics, Germany.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
|December 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel magnetic attraction system for treating impacted teeth, offering a less invasive alternative to conventional methods. The magnetic device successfully guided tooth eruption with no observed side effects, reducing treatment time.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthodontics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Tooth impaction is often caused by eruption abnormalities.
  • Conventional traction methods can lead to gingival inflammation, bone recession, and root resorption due to uncontrolled forces and premature tooth exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel magnetic attraction system for treating impacted teeth.
  • To mimic natural tooth eruption pathways and mitigate side effects associated with traditional methods.

Main Methods:

  • A magnetic bracket bonded to the impacted tooth and an intraoral magnet attached to a retainer were designed.
  • Vertical and horizontal magnetic brackets were developed for different tooth types.
  • A 3D analysis of the magnetic force system was performed using the OMSS apparatus.

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  • The system was tested on one animal subject and four patients, with magnets coated or encapsulated for biocompatibility.

    • Main Results:

    • The magnetic system demonstrated efficient convergent guidance, particularly with a small bracket and large magnet pole surface area.
    • Tooth emergence into the oral cavity mimicked natural eruption conditioning.
    • The system operated at an attractive force of 0.2 to 0.5 N.
    • No adverse side effects were observed in the treated cases, and treatment duration was reduced.

    Conclusions:

    • The magnetic attraction system presents a promising, less invasive approach to managing impacted teeth.
    • It offers controlled spatial guidance and effective attractive forces at short distances.
    • Further application of magnets in impaction treatment is recommended due to its benefits over conventional methods.