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Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation

Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

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Photoluminescence: Applications

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Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...

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Photoluminescence is a process where a molecule absorbs light energy and re-emits it in the form of light. This phenomenon occurs when a substance absorbs photons, promoting its electrons to higher energy level excited states, followed by a relaxation process in which the electrons return to their original ground state energy levels and emit light. Photoluminescence is widely observed in various materials, including semiconductors, and organic and inorganic compounds.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging

Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging

Published on: October 9, 2012

CdSe/AsS core-shell quantum dots: preparation and two-photon fluorescence.

Junzhong Wang¹, Ming Lin, Yongli Yan

¹Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|July 25, 2009

Summary

Researchers developed Arsenic(II) sulfide (AsS)-coated Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) core-shell nanocrystals. These novel nanocrystals show enhanced fluorescence and can be used for cellular labeling.

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Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Materials Science
Biophotonics

Background:

Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) nanocrystals are widely studied for their optical properties.
Developing core-shell structures can enhance nanocrystal performance and introduce new functionalities.
Arsenic Sulfide (AsS) is a material with potential applications in optoelectronics.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize Arsenic(II) sulfide (AsS)-coated CdSe core-shell nanocrystals.
To investigate the optical properties of the novel core-shell structures.
To explore the application of these nanocrystals in cellular labeling.

Main Methods:

Cluster-complex deposition approach under mild conditions.
Growth of AsS shell onto CdSe nanocrystals at 60°C.
Utilizing a mixed solvent of isopropanol/chloroform for crystallization.

Main Results:

Successfully prepared AsS-coated CdSe core-shell nanocrystals.
Observed significantly enhanced one-photon fluorescence.
Demonstrated enhanced two-photon upconversion fluorescence.
Confirmed the type I core-shell structure.

Conclusions:

The cluster-complex deposition method provides a viable route for creating AsS/CdSe core-shell nanocrystals.
These novel nanocrystals exhibit superior fluorescence properties compared to bare CdSe.
The AsS/CdSe nanocrystals are suitable for infrared-excited upconversion cellular labeling applications.