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Opsono-Adherence Assay to Evaluate Functional Antibodies in Vaccine Development Against Bacillus anthracis and Other Encapsulated Pathogens
13:47

Opsono-Adherence Assay to Evaluate Functional Antibodies in Vaccine Development Against Bacillus anthracis and Other Encapsulated Pathogens

Published on: May 19, 2020

Current knowledge regarding the investigational 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

Ener Cagri Dinleyici1, Zeynel Abidin Yargic

  • 1Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Eskisehir, TR-26480 Turkey. timboothtr@yahoo.com

Expert Review of Vaccines
|July 25, 2009
PubMed

Insights

The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) shows promise in preventing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) by covering additional serotypes. Further studies are needed to assess its long-term effectiveness and optimal use with PCV-7.

Area of Science:

  • * Pediatric infectious diseases
  • * Vaccinology and immunology
  • * Epidemiological surveillance

Background:

  • * The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) has reduced invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), pneumonia, otitis media, and meningitis in children.
  • * IPD cases caused by non-PCV-7 serotypes are increasing, with some serotypes posing significant global health burdens.
  • * Specific serotypes (1, 5, 7F, 6A, 19A) are associated with higher morbidity and mortality in certain regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of an investigational 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13).
  • * To assess PCV-13's potential to broaden protection against a wider range of pneumococcal serotypes causing IPD globally.
  • * To compare PCV-13's immune responses with those of the current PCV-7.

Main Methods:

  • * Clinical trials assessing safety and tolerability of PCV-13 when co-administered with other pediatric vaccines.
  • * Immunogenicity studies measuring IgG anticapsular polysaccharide-binding concentrations.
  • * Opsonophagocytic assay (OPA) to evaluate functional antibody responses.

Main Results:

  • * PCV-13 demonstrated safety and good tolerability in infants during clinical trials.
  • * Immunogenicity studies showed non-inferior and comparable IgG and OPA responses between PCV-13 and PCV-7.
  • * PCV-13 elicits immune responses against six additional serotypes, enhancing potential protection against a broader spectrum of IPD.

Conclusions:

  • * PCV-13 is safe, well-tolerated, and immunogenic in infants, offering potential for broader protection against IPD.
  • * The vaccine's ability to cover emerging and globally relevant serotypes makes it a promising candidate for reducing pneumococcal disease burden worldwide.
  • * Further research is required to determine optimal scheduling, duration, and combination strategies with PCV-7, alongside post-licensure effectiveness studies.

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