Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Targeting Diabetic Retinopathy with Human iPSC-Derived Vascular Reparative Cells in a Type 2 Diabetes Model.

Cells·2025
Same author

Direct in vivo reprogramming to relieve tissue ischemia via induced vasculogenesis.

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·2025
Same author

Tissue nanotransfection-based endothelial PLCγ2-targeted epigenetic gene editing rescues perfusion and diabetic ischemic wound healing.

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·2025
Same author

Fully biologic endothelialized-tissue-engineered vascular conduits provide antithrombotic function and graft patency.

Cell stem cell·2024
Same author

Vasculogenic skin reprogramming requires TET-mediated gene demethylation in fibroblasts for rescuing impaired perfusion in diabetes.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Thrombopoietic agents enhance bone healing in mice, rats, and pigs.

Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
09:03

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells

Published on: November 23, 2014

Judging a proangiogenic cell by its cover.

Mervin C Yoder1

  • 1Indiana University, USA.

Blood
|July 25, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Tumor endothelial cells (TEMs) in mice show unique proangiogenic functions and gene expression. Their profile resembles resident monocytes and embryonic macrophages more than tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), indicating a new proangiogenic cell type.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Tumor microenvironment (TME) research is crucial for understanding cancer progression.
  • Macrophages, including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), play complex roles in cancer.
  • Endothelial cells in tumors (TEMs) are increasingly recognized for their functional heterogeneity.

Discussion:

  • TEMs exhibit distinct proangiogenic functions within the TME.
  • Gene expression analysis reveals TEMs are more similar to resident blood monocytes and embryonic macrophages than to TAMs.
  • This suggests TEMs may represent a unique lineage of proangiogenic cells, separate from traditional macrophage populations.

Key Insights:

  • TEMs possess unique proangiogenic capabilities.
  • A novel gene expression signature differentiates TEMs from TAMs.

More Related Videos

Investigating Angiogenesis on a Functional and Molecular Level by Leveraging the Scratch Wound Migration Assay and the Spheroid Sprouting Assay
09:16

Investigating Angiogenesis on a Functional and Molecular Level by Leveraging the Scratch Wound Migration Assay and the Spheroid Sprouting Assay

Published on: May 31, 2024

Incorporating Pericytes into an Endothelial Cell Bead Sprouting Assay
06:21

Incorporating Pericytes into an Endothelial Cell Bead Sprouting Assay

Published on: February 16, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
09:03

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells

Published on: November 23, 2014

Investigating Angiogenesis on a Functional and Molecular Level by Leveraging the Scratch Wound Migration Assay and the Spheroid Sprouting Assay
09:16

Investigating Angiogenesis on a Functional and Molecular Level by Leveraging the Scratch Wound Migration Assay and the Spheroid Sprouting Assay

Published on: May 31, 2024

Incorporating Pericytes into an Endothelial Cell Bead Sprouting Assay
06:21

Incorporating Pericytes into an Endothelial Cell Bead Sprouting Assay

Published on: February 16, 2018

  • TEMs share molecular characteristics with non-tumorigenic myeloid cells.

    • Outlook:

    • Further investigation into the TEM lineage could reveal new therapeutic targets.
    • Understanding TEM differentiation pathways may offer insights into vascularization.
    • This discovery opens new avenues for targeting tumor angiogenesis.