Persistent hyperprolactinemia following mammoplasty: a rare association

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Plastic Surgery
• Reproductive Health

Background:

• Breast augmentation is a common plastic surgery procedure.
• Previous reports suggest a link between breast implants and transient hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea.
• The causative agent, specifically bioactive monomeric prolactin, was not confirmed in prior studies.

Observation:

• A unique case of persistent hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea following breast augmentation is presented.
• Monomeric prolactin was used for diagnosis, excluding macroprolactinemia.
• Common causes of hyperprolactinemia (prolactinoma, hypothyroidism, renal dysfunction) were ruled out.

Findings:

• A strong temporal association suggests breast implants caused the prolactin elevation and galactorrhea.
• Unlike previous reports, the patient's prolactin levels remained elevated for two years.
• Submuscular implant placement did not prevent prolactin elevation, suggesting potential neurogenic stimulation.

Implications:

• This case highlights a rare but persistent complication of breast augmentation surgery.
• Healthcare providers should consider breast implants as a potential cause of unexplained hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea.
• Further research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiologic link between breast implants and prolactin elevation.