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Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
1Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain. sguerra@creal.cat
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|July 30, 2009
Summary
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often coexist. Understanding their complex phenotypes and links is crucial for personalized asthma and COPD treatment.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Immunology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Coexisting asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) traits are common in clinical practice.
- Asthma contributes significantly to irreversible airflow limitation, with childhood developmental factors potentially influencing later COPD development.
- Environmental exposures in adulthood also play a critical role.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in understanding asthma and COPD.
- To characterize the natural course, phenotypes, and molecular markers of patients with coexisting asthma and COPD.
- To elucidate the link between these two respiratory conditions.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent epidemiological evidence.
- Analysis of clinical and experimental studies.
- Assessment of lung function, risk factors, structural changes, and immunological profiles.
Main Results:
- Asthma is a significant cause of irreversible airflow limitation.
- Childhood development and adult environmental exposures influence COPD risk in asthma patients.
- Patients with coexisting asthma and COPD exhibit significant heterogeneity in disease progression, risk factors, and immunological profiles.
Conclusions:
- The phenotypic complexity of asthma and COPD overlap challenges current diagnostic labels.
- Integrating diverse assessments (clinical, functional, morphologic, immunological, molecular) is essential.
- Personalized prevention and treatment strategies are needed for patients with coexisting asthma and COPD.