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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur
09:26

An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur

Published on: October 23, 2017

Bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis.

Lisa R Amir1, Vincent Everts, Antonius L J J Bronckers

  • 1Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Research Institute MOVE, University of Amsterdam, and VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststr 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Odontology
|July 30, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Distraction osteogenesis enhances bone regeneration by gradually stretching tissues between bone segments. This review explores the mechanical and biological factors crucial for successful bone repair and defect filling.

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A Mouse Distraction Osteogenesis Model
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Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects

Published on: April 11, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur
09:26

An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur

Published on: October 23, 2017

A Mouse Distraction Osteogenesis Model
04:24

A Mouse Distraction Osteogenesis Model

Published on: November 14, 2018

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects
07:35

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects

Published on: April 11, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics and Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Bone regeneration is a natural healing process.
  • Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a clinical technique to enhance bone renewal.
  • DO involves gradual stretching of separated bone segments to promote new bone formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological mechanisms underlying bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis.
  • To discuss the mechanical and biological factors influencing the success of DO.
  • To provide insights into correcting bone growth retardation and skeletal defects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on distraction osteogenesis.
  • Analysis of biological signaling pathways activated by mechanical stress.
  • Characterization of key mechanical and biological factors in bone regeneration.

Main Results:

  • Mechanical stress is converted into cellular signals that promote bone formation.
  • Significant advancements have been made in understanding DO's biological processes.
  • Key factors influencing DO success have been partially identified.

Conclusions:

  • Distraction osteogenesis is a viable method for bone regeneration and defect repair.
  • Understanding the interplay of mechanical and biological factors is vital for optimizing DO.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate and leverage these factors for clinical application.