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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: A multifactorial process.

Raja B Singh1, Sushma A Mengi, Yan-Jun Xu

  • 1Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, and Departments of Physiology and Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Experimental and Clinical Cardiology
|August 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Atherosclerosis, a major cause of death, involves complex molecular mechanisms beyond high lipids. Understanding endothelial damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation is key for new therapies.

Keywords:
AngiotensinAtherogenesisCytokinesGrowth factorsOxidized low density lipoproteinsPlaque formationReactive oxygen species

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a primary cause of mortality and morbidity globally.
  • Understanding its pathogenesis has evolved from lipid-centric to complex molecular and cellular interactions.
  • Recent focus includes novel risk factors, plaque stability, and genetic predispositions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms driving atherosclerotic plaque evolution.
  • To highlight emerging risk factors and the inflammatory nature of atherosclerosis.
  • To explore genetic factors and potential gene therapies for atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pathophysiological studies on atherogenesis.
  • Analysis of molecular and cellular interactions in plaque development.
  • Synthesis of current understanding on novel risk factors and genetic influences.

Main Results:

  • Endothelial damage and reactive oxygen species are central to atherosclerosis development.
  • Atherosclerosis is increasingly viewed as a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease.
  • Novel risk factors include hyperhomocysteinemia, infections, and systemic lupus erythematosus.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal therapies and prevention strategies require understanding plaque evolution's molecular basis.
  • Atherosclerosis pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving lipids, inflammation, oxidative stress, and genetics.
  • Gene therapy presents a promising future therapeutic avenue for atherosclerosis.