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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation
11:06

Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation

Published on: September 20, 2017

Autoreactive B cells and epigenetics.

Yves Renaudineau1, Soizic Garaud, Christelle Le Dantec

  • 1EA2216 Immunology and Pathology, IFR 148 ScInBioS, Université de Brest, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Brest, France. yves.renaudineau@univ-brest.fr

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
|August 1, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epigenetic changes in B cells contribute to autoimmune diseases (AID) by altering their function. Understanding these epigenetic alterations in B cells offers new therapeutic strategies for AID.

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Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation
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Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
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In Vitro Differentiation Model of Human Normal Memory B Cells to Long-lived Plasma Cells
10:26

In Vitro Differentiation Model of Human Normal Memory B Cells to Long-lived Plasma Cells

Published on: January 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Epigenetics
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Autoreactive B cells play a key role in autoimmune diseases (AID) pathogenesis.
  • They contribute through autoantibody production, cytokine secretion, and autoantigen presentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the contribution of epigenetic processes to B cell autoreactivity in AID.
  • To explore the potential of targeting epigenetic alterations for new AID therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications, miRNA expression) in B cells from AID patients.
  • In vivo and in vitro studies using epigenetic modifying agents (demethylating agents, histone deacetylase inhibitors).

Main Results:

  • B cells from AID patients exhibit epigenetic alterations characteristic of epigenetic failure.
  • Epigenetic processes are demonstrably involved in the development of B cell autoreactivity.

Conclusions:

  • Altered epigenetic processes in B cells are central to AID pathogenesis.
  • Targeting these epigenetic mechanisms presents a promising avenue for novel AID therapies.