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Tuberculosis disease - statistics of a paediatric department in the 21st century

Ana Luísa Leite1, Isabel Carvalho, Elvira Tavares

  • 1Serviço de Pediatria, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia / Espinho, EPE. ana.luisa20@gmail.com

Revista Portuguesa De Pneumologia
|August 4, 2009
PubMed

Insights

Tuberculosis remains a significant global health issue. This study analyzed pediatric tuberculosis cases in Portugal, highlighting diagnostic and treatment challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Public health
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of global mortality and morbidity.
  • A decrease in TB rates among children under 15 was observed in Portugal during the late 20th century.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze tuberculosis cases in children admitted to a Portuguese hospital between 2000 and 2007.
  • To understand the epidemiological, clinical, radiological, microbiological, and treatment aspects of pediatric TB.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 23 pediatric tuberculosis cases.
  • Review of epidemiological, clinical, radiological, microbiological, and treatment data.
  • Evaluation of diagnostic methods including Mantoux test, M. tuberculosis isolation from gastric fluid and bronchoscopy.

Main Results:

  • 23 cases identified (78% pulmonary, 22% extrapulmonary TB) in children aged 6 months to 16 years.
  • BCG vaccination was universal; 57% had prior TB contact.
  • M. tuberculosis isolation achieved in 61% (gastric fluid 33%, bronchoscopy 43% in cases with negative gastric fluid).
  • All patients received ≥6 months of treatment with no documented resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Tuberculosis continues to be a significant public health problem in children.
  • Challenges include timely diagnosis, contact tracing, and effective treatment including prophylaxis.
Abstract

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