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Related Concept Videos

Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are large...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...
Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...

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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion
12:06

Isolation of CD133+ Liver Stem Cells for Clonal Expansion

Published on: October 10, 2011

Cell therapy for liver disease.

Malcolm R Alison1, Shahriar Islam, Susan M L Lim

  • 1Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Centre for Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, London, UK. m.alison@qmul.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Molecular Therapeutics
|August 4, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatocyte transplantation shows promise for liver disease, but challenges remain in achieving liver repopulation. Bone marrow cells (BMCs) are being explored as an alternative cell source to improve liver regeneration and treat fibrotic liver conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Cell Therapy
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Clinical demand for liver transplantation exceeds supply, driving research into alternative cell therapies.
  • Hepatocyte transplantation is a potential solution, but faces challenges in achieving effective liver repopulation in humans.
  • Bone marrow cells (BMCs) are being investigated as an alternative cell source for liver regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress and challenges in cell transplantation for metabolic and fibrogenic liver diseases.
  • To discuss strategies for enhancing the repopulation of recipient livers with transplanted cells.
  • To explore the potential of BMCs as a cell source for treating liver cirrhosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hepatocyte and BMC transplantation in liver disease models.
  • Analysis of strategies that provide a selective advantage for transplanted hepatocytes.
  • Discussion of the potential of BMCs to differentiate into hepatocytes and degrade liver collagen.

Main Results:

  • Animal models show that strategies providing a selective advantage enhance hepatocyte repopulation.
  • Clinical trials using autologous BMCs in cirrhosis patients report modest liver health improvements, with unknown mechanisms.
  • The primary goal for cirrhosis treatment is to enable transplanted cells to degrade excessive collagen.

Conclusions:

  • Effective liver repopulation by transplanted hepatocytes requires a selective advantage for donor cells.
  • The mechanisms behind BMCs' therapeutic effects in liver cirrhosis are not yet understood.
  • Overcoming challenges in cell transplantation is crucial for treating metabolic and fibrogenic liver diseases.