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Related Concept Videos

Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

Assembly of Signaling Complexes

Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...
Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...
Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses01:22

Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses

The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...

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Silicon Microchips for Manipulating Cell-cell Interaction
23:21

Silicon Microchips for Manipulating Cell-cell Interaction

Published on: August 30, 2007

Scaffolds: interaction platforms for cellular signalling circuits.

András Zeke1, Melinda Lukács, Wendell A Lim

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.

Trends in Cell Biology
|August 5, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scaffold proteins act as crucial hubs in cellular signaling pathways. This review explores their role in assembling signaling complexes for both natural and artificial cellular reprogramming.

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Silicon Microchips for Manipulating Cell-cell Interaction
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Published on: August 30, 2007

Self-reporting Scaffolds for 3-Dimensional Cell Culture
14:49

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Published on: November 7, 2013

A High-throughput Cell Microarray Platform for Correlative Analysis of Cell Differentiation and Traction Forces
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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Scaffold proteins are key regulators of cellular signaling pathways.
  • They bind multiple signaling enzymes, receptors, or ion channels without catalytic activity.
  • Scaffold proteins function as signal processing hubs by assembling signaling components into complexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of scaffold proteins in assembling intracellular signaling complexes.
  • To highlight their utility in both natural and artificial signaling pathways.
  • To discuss their application in reprogramming cellular behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scaffold protein function in cellular signaling.
  • Analysis of scaffold protein roles in natural and engineered signaling circuits.
  • Discussion of scaffold proteins as tools for building artificial signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Scaffold proteins are essential for organizing and modulating signal transduction.
  • They enable the formation of signaling hubs that control information flow.
  • Scaffold proteins offer a versatile platform for constructing artificial signaling systems.

Conclusions:

  • Scaffold proteins are powerful tools for understanding and manipulating cellular signaling.
  • Their ability to assemble signaling complexes is critical for biological regulation.
  • Future applications include the design of novel signaling pathways for research and therapeutic purposes.