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Do school-based asthma education programs improve self-management and health outcomes?
Janet M Coffman1, Michael D Cabana, Edward H Yelin
1Philip R Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies and Department of bFamily and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94118, USA. janet.coffman@ucsf.edu
Pediatrics
|August 5, 2009
Summary
School-based asthma education programs improve children's asthma knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-management behaviors. While effects on quality of life and symptom reduction were inconsistent, these programs are valuable for asthma self-management in schools.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
- Health Education
- Evidence-Based Practice
Background:
- Effective asthma self-management education is crucial for pediatric asthma care.
- School-based asthma education programs are increasingly studied to supplement primary care.
- These programs aim to improve health outcomes for children with asthma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review existing literature on school-based asthma education programs.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of these programs in improving various asthma-related outcomes.
- To identify trends and limitations in current research.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review utilizing MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register, and CINAHL.
- Inclusion criteria: English publications, children aged 4-17 with asthma diagnosis or symptoms.
- Analysis of 25 studies with diverse interventions and outcome measures.
Main Results:
- Most studies showed school-based asthma education improved asthma knowledge (7/10), self-efficacy (6/8), and self-management behaviors (7/8).
- Fewer studies reported significant improvements in quality of life (4/8), symptom days (5/11), symptom nights (2/4), or school absences (5/17).
- Methodological weaknesses and heterogeneity in interventions/populations complicated synthesis.
Conclusions:
- School-based asthma education effectively enhances asthma knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-management skills in children.
- Evidence for improving quality of life and reducing asthma symptoms/absences is less consistent.
- These programs represent a valuable component of comprehensive pediatric asthma care.
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