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Aberrant cementum phenotype associated with the hypophosphatemic hyp mouse
H Fong1, E Y Chu, K A Tompkins
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. hfong@u.washington.edu
Journal of Periodontology
|August 7, 2009
Summary
X-linked hypophosphatemia in mice causes defective cementum development, characterized by thinner, discontinuously mineralized cementum. This study investigated tooth root formation in these mice, revealing impaired cementogenesis due to Phex gene mutations.
Area of Science:
- Oral Biology
- Developmental Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Cementogenesis is sensitive to local phosphate levels.
- X-linked hypophosphatemia (Hyp) in mice is caused by Phex gene mutations.
- Hyp mice exhibit rickets, osteomalacia, and hypomineralized dentin.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate tooth root development in Hyp mouse molars.
- To focus on the effects of Phex mutations on dentin and cementum formation.
- To test the hypothesis of a cementum phenotype in Hyp mice.
Main Methods:
- Light and transmission electron microscopy of molar tissues from wild-type (WT) and Hyp mice.
- Histological examination of stained tissues from 23 to 96 days postcoital (dpc).
- Immunohistochemistry for bone sialoprotein (BSP) and electron microscopy of non-demineralized tissues.
Main Results:
- Dentin mineralization defects in Hyp mice showed partial correction by 96 dpc.
- A distinct cementum phenotype was observed in Hyp mice.
- Hyp cementum displayed thinner BSP staining, discontinuous mineralization, and a globular appearance.
Conclusions:
- Phex gene mutations in Hyp mice lead to defective cementum development.
- Altered phosphate metabolism impacts cementogenesis.
- The study confirms a cementum phenotype in X-linked hypophosphatemia.
