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Identifying phases of quantum many-body systems that are universal for quantum computation
Andrew C Doherty1, Stephen D Bartlett
1School of Physical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
Abstract:
Quantum computation can proceed solely through single-qubit measurements on an appropriate quantum state, such as the ground state of an interacting many-body system. We investigate a simple spin-lattice system based on the cluster-state model, and by using nonlocal correlation functions that quantify the fidelity of quantum gates performed between distant qubits, we demonstrate that it possesses a quantum (zero-temperature) phase transition between a disordered phase and an ordered "cluster phase" in which it is possible to perform a universal set of quantum gates.
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