Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...

Regulation of Metabolism

Regulation of Metabolism

Cellular needs and conditions vary from cell to cell and change within individual cells over time. For example, the required enzymes and energetic demands of stomach cells are different from those of fat storage cells, skin cells, blood cells, and nerve cells. Furthermore, a digestive cell works much harder to process and break down nutrients during the time that closely follows a meal compared with many hours after a meal. As these cellular demands and conditions vary, so do the amounts and...

Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation

Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation

During the initial hours of fasting, the body uses up its glycogen stores as an energy source. Once these glycogen reserves are depleted, the body begins breaking down stored triglycerides and structural proteins. During this stage, glycerol becomes a key substrate for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to provide energy for tissues, such as skeletal muscle. In the fasting state, the body spares protein breakdown as much as possible to conserve muscle and structural...

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Treatment and Health Outcomes in Methadone-Treated Patients with Opioid Use Disorder and Diabetes.

Journal of general internal medicine·2026

Same author

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Systemic and Ocular Vascular Complications in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy.

American journal of ophthalmology·2026

Same author

Adipocyte NADH dehydrogenase reverses circadian and diet-induced metabolic syndrome.

Nature metabolism·2026

Same author

Evaluation of Glaucoma Treatment Information on Social Media Using Large Language Models.

Journal of glaucoma·2025

Same author

A role for the cholinergic neuron circadian clock in RNA metabolism and mediating neurodegeneration.

Life science alliance·2025

Same author

NADH dehydrogenase reverses dietary and clock metabolic syndrome.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

Clock genes and metabolic disease.

Biliana Marcheva¹, Kathryn Moynihan Ramsey, Alison Affinati

¹Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern Univ., Pancoe-ENH Pavilion Rm. 4405, 2200 Campus Dr., Evanston, IL 60208, USA.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

|August 8, 2009

Summary

The body's internal clock (circadian system) regulates metabolism and behavior. Disrupting this system can lead to metabolic disorders like diabetes and obesity.

More Related Videos

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

Published on: September 28, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

Published on: September 28, 2017

Area of Science:

Chronobiology
Metabolic science
Neuroendocrinology

Background:

The circadian system synchronizes physiological processes with Earth's rotation.
Mammalian circadian clocks are located in the hypothalamus and peripheral tissues.
Circadian and metabolic systems are intricately linked, with disruptions in one affecting the other.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the interconnectedness of circadian and metabolic regulatory networks.
To highlight the implications of these interactions for understanding and treating metabolic diseases.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent evidence on circadian and metabolic system interactions.
Analysis of feedback networks within both systems.

Main Results:

Evidence indicates a complex interplay between circadian rhythms and metabolic regulation.
Disruption of circadian function leads to metabolic disturbances, and vice versa.

Conclusions:

Understanding the circadian-metabolic axis offers new therapeutic targets.
This knowledge is crucial for developing treatments for diabetes mellitus and obesity.