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Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune system...
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation
11:06

Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation

Published on: September 20, 2017

Epigenetic histone code and autoimmunity.

Jürgen Dieker1, Sylviane Muller

  • 1CNRS, UPR9021 Immunologie et Chimie Thérapeutiques, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67000, Strasbourg, France.

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
|August 8, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Histone post-translational modifications regulate chromatin dynamics and gene expression. Dysregulation of these modifications, particularly during cell death, can trigger autoimmunity like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis by altering histone antigenicity.

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Analysis of Histone Antibody Specificity with Peptide Microarrays
09:47

Analysis of Histone Antibody Specificity with Peptide Microarrays

Published on: August 1, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation
11:06

Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation

Published on: September 20, 2017

Analysis of Histone Antibody Specificity with Peptide Microarrays
09:47

Analysis of Histone Antibody Specificity with Peptide Microarrays

Published on: August 1, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial regulators of chromatin dynamics.
  • These modifications, including phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, deimination, and methylation, influence vital cellular processes like DNA replication, repair, transcription, and genome stability.
  • Aberrant PTMs disrupt gene expression patterns, potentially leading to disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of histone PTMs in chromatin regulation.
  • To explore the link between apoptosis-modified histones and the induction of autoimmune diseases.
  • To discuss how histone PTMs affect antigenicity and immunogenicity in the context of autoimmunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on histone PTMs and autoimmune diseases.
  • Analysis of the impact of specific histone modifications on cellular processes.
  • Examination of the connection between cell death-associated histone modifications and immune responses.

Main Results:

  • Histone PTMs are essential for precise control of chromatin structure and function.
  • Disruptions in histone PTMs are implicated in various diseases, notably autoimmune conditions.
  • Apoptosis-modified histones play a significant role in initiating autoimmunity, such as in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Certain PTMs are linked to cell death pathways and may contribute to lymphocyte activation in lupus.

Conclusions:

  • Histone PTMs are critical regulators of chromatin and gene expression.
  • Altered histone PTMs, especially during cell death, can lead to autoimmunity by affecting histone antigenicity and immunogenicity.
  • Understanding these modifications offers insights into the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.