Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 21, 2026
09:24
Mucin Agarose Gel Electrophoresis: Western Blotting for High-molecular-weight Glycoproteins
Published on: June 14, 2016
Ageing and its possible impact on mucosal immune responses
1Professor of Pediatrics Emeritus, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, School of Medicine and Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo, 219 Bryant Street, Buffalo, NY, United States. pogra@upa.chob.edu
Ageing Research Reviews
|August 12, 2009
Summary
The mammalian immune system develops from fetal life, with mucosal immunity maturing throughout life. Ageing impacts immune function, influenced by microflora and environmental factors.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Developmental Biology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Mammalian immune system development is a continuous process from fetal life.
- Mucosal immunity and systemic lymphoid tissues mature dynamically.
- Immune function undergoes senescence or cellular death with advancing age.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the ontogeny of mucosal immunologic response.
- To examine the role of microflora in regulating mucosal immunity during ageing.
- To assess environmental macromolecules' impact on mucosal immunity in ageing.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on immune system ontogeny.
- Analysis of factors influencing mucosal immunity.
- Review of ageing-related changes in immune function.
Main Results:
- Immune system development is established early in life.
- Mucosal immunity is influenced by microflora and environmental factors.
- Ageing leads to immune senescence and altered function.
Conclusions:
- Understanding mucosal immune ontogeny is crucial.
- Microflora and environment significantly regulate mucosal immunity, especially during ageing.
- Ageing impacts immune repertoire, necessitating further research.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
01:19The Effect of Aging on Tissues
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
01:22Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
01:25Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach
The gastric glands contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion. The cells secrete HCl because it is highly corrosive and essential for breaking down food. To achieve this, they secrete hydrogen and chloride ions into the lumen of the gastric glands, which combine to form HCl.
Within parietal cells, carbonic acid is first formed through the reaction of water and carbon dioxide. The dissociation of carbonic acid releases bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate...
Within parietal cells, carbonic acid is first formed through the reaction of water and carbon dioxide. The dissociation of carbonic acid releases bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. The bicarbonate...
01:24Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors
Peptic ulcer disease, commonly called PUD, represents a multifaceted condition characterized by disruptions in the lining of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Central to the protection of the gastrointestinal lining is the mucosal-bicarbonate barrier. This physiological defense mechanism is a formidable shield against the corrosive effects of gastric acid and pepsin secretion in the stomach. Its role is pivotal in maintaining the structural integrity of the stomach's inner lining. Bicarbonate,...
01:26Gastritis II: Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...