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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Mixed Reality Technology and Three-Dimensional Printing in Teaching: Heart Anatomy as an Example
06:18

Mixed Reality Technology and Three-Dimensional Printing in Teaching: Heart Anatomy as an Example

Published on: April 18, 2025

Teaching breaking bad news using mixed reality simulation.

Mark W Bowyer1, Janice L Hanson, Elisabeth A Pimentel

  • 1National Capital Area Medical Simulation Center of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. mbowyer@usuhs.mil

The Journal of Surgical Research
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Medical students improved their breaking bad news (BBN) skills through a novel simulation. Brief video training on the SPIKES protocol proved most effective for this vital communication skill.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Clinical Skills Training
  • Simulation-Based Learning

Background:

  • A novel teaching method involved students in a simulated unsuccessful resuscitation followed by breaking bad news (BBN).
  • This approach aimed to enhance BBN skills in a high-fidelity simulation context.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different brief educational interventions on medical students' BBN skills.
  • To compare pretraining methods including video, lecture, or both, against no training.

Main Methods:

  • 553 medical students were divided into four groups, receiving varying levels of pretraining before a BBN scenario.
  • Students self-assessed their abilities and were evaluated by a standardized patient wife (SPW) on communication and affect.
  • A cross-over training design was implemented for all participants.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Mixed Reality Technology and Three-Dimensional Printing in Teaching: Heart Anatomy as an Example
06:18

Mixed Reality Technology and Three-Dimensional Printing in Teaching: Heart Anatomy as an Example

Published on: April 18, 2025

Main Results:

  • Students highly rated the simulation experience and showed significant improvement in self-assessed BBN skills.
  • Those receiving any pretraining outperformed the no-training group in communication skills.
  • Video-based training appeared to be the most time-efficient method for teaching BBN.

Conclusions:

  • The novel simulation approach was well-received and led to measurable improvements in students' BBN abilities.
  • The study findings informed enhancements to the medical curriculum for teaching essential communication skills.