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Related Concept Videos

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure entails...
Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...
Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction

Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more similar...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
07:50

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

Published on: September 20, 2018

[Bouveret's syndrome; a case report].

J J Báez-García1, P Martínez-Hernández-Magro, G Iriarte-Gállego

  • 1Departamento de Cirugía, Gastrointestinal del Hospital Guadalupano de Celaya, Celaya Gto., Mexico.

Revista De Gastroenterologia De Mexico
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary

Bouveret's syndrome, a rare gallstone ileus variant, caused duodenal obstruction in an elderly woman. Surgery resolved the impaction when endoscopy failed, highlighting its role in gastric outlet obstruction management.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
07:50

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts

Published on: September 20, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Bouveret's syndrome is a rare form of gallstone ileus, predominantly affecting elderly women.
  • Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, and potential hematoemesis, mimicking pyloric stenosis.

Observation:

  • A 75-year-old female presented with a 15-day history of nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and abdominal pain, leading to dehydration.
  • Endoscopy revealed a large gallstone causing duodenal obstruction.

Findings:

  • Endoscopic attempts to remove the gallstone were unsuccessful.
  • Surgical intervention via duodenotomy resulted in successful stone removal and closure.
  • The patient recovered well and was discharged on postoperative day 8.

Implications:

  • Bouveret's syndrome requires consideration in the differential diagnosis of gastric outlet obstruction.
  • While endoscopic lithotripsy is first-line, surgery is crucial for failed or complicated cases.
  • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are vital due to high morbidity and mortality rates associated with this condition.