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Related Concept Videos

Probiotics01:22

Probiotics

Probiotics are live, non-pathogenic microorganisms that confer health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, and the balance of this microbiota is crucial for digestive and systemic health. Among the most extensively studied and utilized probiotics are species formerly classified within the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These organisms not only naturally colonize the human gut but are also consumed through...
Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota

The human gut microbiome includes a diverse array of microbial species, including beneficial commensals and opportunistic pathogens, which interact to support host health. These microbes contribute to essential functions such as nutrient metabolism, immune system modulation, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. However, disruptions to this equilibrium—referred to as dysbiosis—can have widespread physiological consequences.Dysbiosis is often characterized by reduced microbial...
Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine

The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
What is Monogastric Digestion?01:50

What is Monogastric Digestion?

The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
Microbes in Food Production01:29

Microbes in Food Production

Microbial fermentation is central to food biotechnology, enhancing flavor, texture, preservation, and stability. Fermentative microorganisms metabolize carbohydrates into organic acids, alcohols, and other metabolites that inhibit spoilage organisms and improve digestibility while contributing distinctive sensory qualities.In baking, amylases naturally present in flour hydrolyze starch into monosaccharides such as glucose, which Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferments anaerobically. Through...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Bile Salt-induced Biofilm Formation in Enteric Pathogens: Techniques for Identification and Quantification
10:05

Bile Salt-induced Biofilm Formation in Enteric Pathogens: Techniques for Identification and Quantification

Published on: May 6, 2018

Probiotic bile salt hydrolase: current developments and perspectives.

Anil K Patel1, Reeta R Singhania, Ashok Pandey

  • 1School of Life Sciences, North Maharashtra University, PO-80, Jalgaon 425 001, India.

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
|August 12, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Probiotics with bile salt hydrolase (BSH) offer health benefits like cholesterol reduction. Further research is needed to explore the full potential of BSH-producing probiotics in dietetics and therapeutics.

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Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods
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Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods

Published on: September 10, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Bile Salt-induced Biofilm Formation in Enteric Pathogens: Techniques for Identification and Quantification
10:05

Bile Salt-induced Biofilm Formation in Enteric Pathogens: Techniques for Identification and Quantification

Published on: May 6, 2018

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods
08:38

Novel Production Protocol for Small-scale Manufacture of Probiotic Fermented Foods

Published on: September 10, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Probiotics offer therapeutic and nutritional advantages.
  • Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) in probiotics enhances bile salt tolerance and may reduce host cholesterol.
  • Understanding BSH in probiotics is crucial for leveraging their health benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the occurrence, characterization, importance, applications, and genetics of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) in probiotics.
  • To highlight recent updates in BSH research within the context of probiotics.
  • To assess the market potential and research gaps for BSH-producing probiotics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on scientific publications related to bile salt hydrolase and probiotics.
  • Synthesis of information on BSH occurrence, enzymatic properties, and genetic basis.
  • Analysis of current applications and future market potential.

Main Results:

  • Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) is present in various probiotic strains, contributing to their functional properties.
  • BSH activity is linked to improved bile salt tolerance and potential cholesterol-lowering effects.
  • The genetics and applications of BSH in probiotics are areas of ongoing research with significant potential.

Conclusions:

  • Probiotics possessing bile salt hydrolase (BSH) represent a significant advancement in functional foods and therapeutics.
  • The market potential for BSH-producing probiotics is substantial, though research is still developing.
  • Further investigation into BSH is essential to fully realize the benefits of these probiotics.