Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 21, 2026

05:18
A Rapid and Chemical-free Hemoglobin Assay with Photothermal Angular Light Scattering
Published on: December 7, 2016
Hemoglobin color scale a diagnostic dilemma.
Hema Anand1, Rashid Mir, Renu Saxena
1Department of Haematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|August 15, 2009
Summary
The Hemoglobin Color Scale (HCS) showed low sensitivity (30%) for anemia screening compared to Sahli's method, despite high specificity (100%). Sahli's method demonstrated better agreement with the gold standard autoanalyzer for hemoglobin estimation.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Anemia screening is crucial for public health.
- Laboratory-based hemoglobinometry is not always accessible.
- Hemoglobin Color Scale (HCS) offers a field-based screening alternative.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of Hemoglobin Color Scale (HCS) against Sahli's method (SM) for hemoglobin estimation.
- To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of HCS and SM using an autoanalyzer as the gold standard.
Main Methods:
- A comparative study involving 401 patients was conducted.
- Hemoglobin levels were measured using HCS, Sahli's method, and an autoanalyzer.
- Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for HCS and SM relative to the autoanalyzer.
Main Results:
- Sahli's method exhibited 98.2% sensitivity and 66.2% specificity.
- Hemoglobin Color Scale (HCS) demonstrated 30% sensitivity and 100% specificity.
- Sahli's method showed good agreement with the autoanalyzer results.
Conclusions:
- Hemoglobin Color Scale (HCS) is less efficacious for field-based hemoglobin estimation compared to Sahli's method.
- Sahli's method provides a more reliable screening tool for anemia in resource-limited settings.
- Further validation of HCS may be needed for accurate anemia detection.
Related Concept Videos
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin is a globular protein made up of four subunits. Two of these subunits are alpha chains, and the other two are beta chains. Each subunit contains a molecule of heme, which has an iron atom and can bind to oxygen. When an oxygen molecule binds to one heme group, it changes the shape of hemoglobin, making it easier for the other heme groups to bind oxygen as well.
When all four heme groups are bound to oxygen, the resulting molecule is called oxyhemoglobin. As a result, arterial blood...
When all four heme groups are bound to oxygen, the resulting molecule is called oxyhemoglobin. As a result, arterial blood...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives
The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Indicators
Certain organic substances change color in dilute solution when the hydronium ion concentration reaches a particular value. For example, phenolphthalein is a colorless substance in any aqueous solution with a hydronium ion concentration greater than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH < 8.3). In more basic solutions where the hydronium ion concentration is less than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH > 8.3), it is red or pink. Substances such as phenolphthalein, which can be used to determine the pH of a solution, are called...
Hypoxia
Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
Oxygen Transport in the Blood
Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
Pigmentation
The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...