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Related Concept Videos

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Optimizing Chromatographic Separations01:15

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations

Optimizing chromatographic separations is crucial for obtaining clean separations in a minimum amount of time. Optimization is required for several factors, including kinetic effects related to band broadening, plate height, capacity factor, and separation factor.
Band broadening refers to spreading solute bands as they travel through the column. This broadening can impact resolution. Plate height (H) represents the length required for one theoretical plate. A lower plate height corresponds to...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors

The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte properties and...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis01:22

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis is a high-resolution protein separation method first introduced by O' Farrell and Klose in 1975. This method involves protein separation by two dimensions, mass and charge, making it more accurate than one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
The first dimension separation uses the isoelectric focusing or IEF technique performed on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips that separate proteins according to their isoelectric points.
Biological samples, such as  cells...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.

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Updated: Jun 21, 2026

On-chip Isotachophoresis for Separation of Ions and Purification of Nucleic Acids
10:32

On-chip Isotachophoresis for Separation of Ions and Purification of Nucleic Acids

Published on: March 2, 2012

On-chip technologies for multidimensional separations.

Samuel Tia1, Amy E Herr

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, 308B Stanley Hall, MC # 1762 Berkeley, CA 94720-1762, USA.

Lab on a Chip
|August 15, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers microfluidic devices for multidimensional analysis, focusing on protein applications. It highlights current advancements and future directions in microfluidic technology for complex sample analysis.

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Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

On-chip Isotachophoresis for Separation of Ions and Purification of Nucleic Acids
10:32

On-chip Isotachophoresis for Separation of Ions and Purification of Nucleic Acids

Published on: March 2, 2012

A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction
11:16

A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction

Published on: March 5, 2015

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles
11:54

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

Published on: March 13, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Microfluidic devices offer precise control over small fluid volumes.
  • Multidimensional analysis is crucial for complex biological samples, particularly proteins.
  • Existing analytical techniques face limitations in throughput and sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review microfluidic devices for multidimensional sample analysis.
  • To provide a theoretical basis for microfluidic separation techniques.
  • To emphasize applications in protein analysis and discuss future challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on microfluidic devices for multidimensional analysis.
  • Discussion of theoretical principles underlying microfluidic separations.
  • Case studies focusing on protein separation techniques like isoelectric focusing (IEF) and capillary electrophoresis (CE).

Main Results:

  • Microfluidic devices enable sophisticated multidimensional separations.
  • On-chip isoelectric focusing coupled with capillary electrophoresis (IEF-CE) shows promise for protein mixture analysis.
  • Surface plot data illustrates the potential for high-resolution protein separation.

Conclusions:

  • Microfluidics is a powerful platform for advanced analytical tasks.
  • Further development is needed to overcome challenges in integration, automation, and standardization.
  • The field holds significant potential for improving protein analysis and other complex sample investigations.