Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...

Ribosomes

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...

Ribosomes

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.Ribosome Structure and AssemblyRibosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within the...

Ribosomes

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...

Ribosomes

Ribosomes

Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.Ribosome Structure and AssemblyRibosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

CytoCensus, mapping cell identity and division in tissues and organs using machine learning.

eLife·2020

Same author

Neuronal upregulation of Prospero protein is driven by alternative mRNA polyadenylation and Syncrip-mediated mRNA stabilisation.

Biology open·2020

Same author

Characterization of Factors Involved in Localized Translation Near Mitochondria by Ribosome-Proximity Labeling.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology·2020

Same author

Expanding the CRISPR/Cas9 Toolbox for Gene Engineering in S. cerevisiae.

Current microbiology·2020

Same author

RNA mimicry in post-transcriptional regulation by aminoacyl tRNA synthetases.

Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA·2019

Same author

Distinct RNA-binding modules in a single PUF protein cooperate to determine RNA specificity.

Nucleic acids research·2019

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Eukaryotic Polyribosome Profile Analysis

Published on: June 15, 2010

Compaction of polyribosomal mRNA.

¹Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. arava@tx.technion.ac.il

|August 18, 2009

Summary

Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) compact into complex structures during translation, beyond simple circularization. This mRNA compaction involves polyribosomes forming intricate arrangements, suggesting regulatory roles in gene expression.

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Structural Biology
Genetics

Background:

RNA molecules fold into structures essential for function, aided by proteins.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) compaction during translation is less understood than non-coding RNAs.
Circular mRNA formation is a known compaction mechanism.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate mRNA compaction beyond circular structures during translation.
To elucidate the 3D organization of polyribosomes.
To explore potential regulatory implications of mRNA compaction.

Main Methods:

Electron microscopy of cell-free translation systems.
High-resolution cryoelectron tomography (CET) of E. coli extracts.
Co-sedimentation and co-precipitation analyses.

More Related Videos

In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation

In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation

Published on: April 30, 2014

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA

Published on: July 6, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Eukaryotic Polyribosome Profile Analysis

Published on: June 15, 2010

In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation

In vivo Interrogation of Central Nervous System Translatome by Polyribosome Fractionation

Published on: April 30, 2014

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA

Isolation of Ribosome Bound Nascent Polypeptides in vitro to Identify Translational Pause Sites Along mRNA

Published on: July 6, 2012

Main Results:

Translated mRNAs form compact polyribosome structures, not just circular mRNA.
Electron microscopy revealed double-row polyribosome structures.
Cryoelectron tomography showed compact polysomes with specific subunit orientations.
3' Untranslated regions (UTRs) associate with coding regions via ribosomes.

Conclusions:

Polyribosomal mRNAs adopt compact in vivo structures with distant domains in close contact.
The functional and regulatory consequences of this mRNA compaction require further investigation.