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Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

Translationally-Relevant Tumor Resection Model for Murine Preclinical Models of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Translationally-Relevant Tumor Resection Model for Murine Preclinical Models of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: April 3, 2026

A mouse model for oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Remilio A L Schoop¹, Mathieu H M Noteborn, Robert J Baatenburg de Jong

¹Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. r.a.l.schoop@lumc.nl

Journal of Molecular Histology

|August 18, 2009

Summary

The 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) model effectively induces oral squamous cell carcinoma in mice. Tumors are suitable for preclinical research around 40 weeks, showing similarities to human oral tumors.

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Multi-photon Imaging of Tumor Cell Invasion in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Multi-photon Imaging of Tumor Cell Invasion in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Multi-photon Imaging of Tumor Cell Invasion in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: July 25, 2011

Area of Science:

Oncology
Preclinical Cancer Research
Animal Models

Background:

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a poor prognosis despite advances in treatment.
Effective and reliable animal models are crucial for investigating novel OSCC therapies, including gene therapy.
The 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) model is widely used but lacks defined timelines for tumor development and suitability for research.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the optimal time point for utilizing 4NQO-induced oral tumors in preclinical research.
To validate the 4NQO model's capacity to generate OSCCs representative of human disease.
To assess the suitability of 4NQO-induced tumors for scientific treatment studies.

Main Methods:

Mice were administered 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) three times weekly for 16 weeks.
Tumor volume was measured weekly for up to 40 weeks.
Histopathology and immunohistochemistry (using cyclin D1 and E-cadherin markers) were performed at various time points.

Main Results:

All mice developed oral tumors diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma.
Tumor development and progression were monitored over 40 weeks.
Immunohistochemical analysis revealed similarities between mouse and human OSCC immunopathology.

Conclusions:

The 4NQO model is a suitable and reproducible method for generating oral squamous cell carcinomas in mice.
The optimal time for utilizing 4NQO-induced OSCCs in preclinical studies is approximately 40 weeks post-treatment initiation.
This model serves as a valuable platform for evaluating therapeutic strategies, particularly gene therapy, for OSCC.