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Bipolar spectrum-substance use co-occurrence: Behavioral approach system (BAS) sensitivity and impulsiveness as
Lauren B Alloy1, Rachel E Bender, Clara A Wagner
1Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA. lalloy@temple.edu
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|August 19, 2009
Summary
High behavioral approach system (BAS) sensitivity and impulsiveness may link bipolar disorder and substance use disorders (SUDs). These personality traits predict SUDs in bipolar patients, suggesting shared vulnerabilities.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Psychology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Bipolar disorders and substance use disorders (SUDs) frequently co-occur.
- Shared personality vulnerabilities may explain this comorbidity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if high behavioral approach system (BAS) sensitivity and impulsiveness are shared vulnerabilities in bipolar spectrum disorders and SUDs.
- To examine the prospective association between these traits and SUDs in a longitudinal study.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal study of 132 individuals with bipolar spectrum disorders and 153 controls.
- Assessed BAS sensitivity and impulsiveness using validated scales.
- Measured SUDs using standardized screening tools over a 1-year period.
Main Results:
- Individuals with bipolar disorder had higher rates of lifetime SUDs and prospective substance use problems.
- Elevated BAS sensitivity and impulsiveness prospectively predicted bipolar status and increased substance use.
- BAS sensitivity and impulsiveness mediated the link between bipolar status and substance use problems, with impulsiveness being a key mediator.
Conclusions:
- High BAS sensitivity and impulsiveness may represent shared personality vulnerabilities for bipolar disorders and SUDs.
- These traits may partially explain the high co-occurrence of these conditions.
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