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Related Experiment Video

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A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Dissociating interference-control processes between memory and response.

Patrick G Bissett1, Derek Evan Nee, John Jonides

  • 1Vanderbilt University, Department of Psychology, 111 21st Avenue South, 301 Wilson Hall, Nashville, TN 37240, USA. patrick.g.bissett@vanderbilt.edu

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|August 19, 2009
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive control involves managing interference. This study found that memory interference and response inhibition are distinct processes, while different types of response inhibition share common mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Cognition

Background:

  • Cognitive control relies on managing interference, but whether interference resolution is a single function or a family of functions remains debated.
  • Existing research presents conflicting views on the nature of interference-resolution processes in cognition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between interference resolution in working memory and response inhibition.
  • To determine if different forms of interference resolution involve distinct or overlapping cognitive mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • A novel experimental paradigm merged a directed-forgetting task (proactive interference) with a stop-signal task (response inhibition).
  • Additional experiments combined go/no-go and stop-signal tasks to assess response inhibition processes.

Main Results:

  • Proactive interference and response inhibition exhibited distinct behavioral patterns without interaction.
  • Different measures of response inhibition showed overadditive interference, suggesting shared underlying processes.
  • However, not all response conflict measures interacted, indicating dissociable inhibition functions.

Conclusions:

  • Inhibition-related functions governing working memory and response processes are dissociable.
  • Response inhibition mechanisms appear to be more unified than previously suggested, while memory and response inhibition are distinct.